Tri-Band Reconfigurable Antenna with Modified Triangular Trapezoid Structure using Single Switch

Abstract

This paper presents a modified triangular trapezoid design for a compact tri-band reconfigurable antenna that uses a PIN diode for frequency reconfiguration. In this article, a detailed design and investigation report of Tri-band microstrip patch antenna (MPA) for the wireless application is presented. The Flame Retardant-4 (FR-4) substrate is positioned between the ground plane and the upper radiating element in this design. The physical size of the proposed antenna is 50 × 40 mm. There are a several methods for improving bandwidth and creating frequency reconfiguration. Modified Triangular Trapezoid Structure (MTTS) with a PIN diode switch can be used to produce tri-band. An RLC equivalent circuit is used to imitate the diode’s ON and OFF states. The antenna’s S11, VSWR, gain, efficiency, and radiation pattern were evaluated using the CST microwave studio tool. The suggested antenna with a single PIN diode is experimentally tested to guarantee frequency reconfiguration for a variety of wireless applications. This design’s resonant frequencies 1.356, 3.050, and 4.160 GHz—make it suitable for Internet of Things (IoT) and GPS applications. According to design and manufacturing, the suggested antenna has an efficiency of up to 92.42%, a Return loss (S11) of less than -10 dB, a VSWR of less than 1.697, and an extreme gain of 2.676. testing